Compatibility Valgus deformities are most congenital.But in some cases - paralysis, with traumatic lesions - can no longer be seen during life.
The main signs of pathology are the visible violations of the legs and muscles of the legs and muscles of the legs and the muscles of the lower leg, as well as pain in gait change.The diagnosis of the disease is carried out using clinical inspection, x -ray, electromicography, as well as photos.
Treatment includes conservative and surgical methods.At the same time, the right effectiveness is only observed in reconstructive operations.
What is this disease?
Valgus deformation is the curvature of the foot characterized by the collapse of the longitudinal arch.Usually, the inner edge of the foot ("drops") are reduced and the heel is leaving.
It takes the pressure of a person's leg, the place of the human body, respectively.For this reason, it has a special anatomical structure that allows depreciation, balancing and stabilization.However, an important component for the implementation of these tasks is the correct form of stops.
Today, the most important problem of traumatology and orthopedics is the deformation of the skirt.The meeting is estimated at 30-58%, here are congenital disorders in 2/3.
The pathological, mainly socially important, because the population covers all age groups and helps early development of the spinal column, the joints of the jets of the lower extremities and early development of arterrais.
When you pick up the legs (if you look at them from behind), a deformation occurs at an ankle level: the ankle is in contact, the heels are 5-6 centimeters.
Most are congenital in pathological nature and diagnosed in the hospital (or immediately after starting the march).A similar situation is adjusted to 5 years, after which one child develops straight legs.
Why arise?
The main reason for the main cause of the foot of the leg is the weakness of the posterior tibial muscle or the weakness of the Ligamanabi apparatus.
Today, other factors in the development of pathology are different:
- The wrong location of the bones of the legs or shortening of tendons (vertical RAM bone, short pile tendon);
- Test violations while compensating the curvature of the deformation of the legs;
- Traumatic lesions (rupture of the bones, lower legs, hips or knees, ligament and tendon);
- Encephalitis, polyomyelite, stroke, because of damage to the nervous system for violation of sterebrospinal, paralysis (immobilization).
- Spasm of the muscles of the lower leg (constant contraction);
- Church diseases: vitamin D (rickets), diabetes Mellitus, Osteoporosis (reduction of bone density), impaired thyroid and paratiroid glands, etc.
- Increasing body weight, including a rapid weight loss in postmenopause or pregnancy.
The development of pathology is also facilitated by the extreme correction of the wrong selected shoes or the clubfote.
The degree and stage of the disease
The severity of pathology (power of manifestation) is divided into degrees:
- Light by an angle of 1.5-2 centimeters and heel to 15 degrees;
- When the ARC is flattened to the 1st centimeter and the angle decreases to 10 degrees;
- The angle of 0.5 cm and heel in the height of the tonga is 5 degrees.
Depending on the participation of certain structures, the following stages of the curvature differ:
- I - No bone deformity, the pain is determined on the inside surface of the ankle (in the field of fastening of posterior tibial muscles);
- II - light curvature, a heel is slightly rejected;
- III - separates the foot and deformity is fixed (not correctly corrected);
- IV - curvature is not only in the foot, but also observed in the ankle addlent.
Symptoms
In the first stage, patients are worried about periodic pain after walking or long vertical loads (sitting on the feet).As a rule, pain syndrome is strengthening while walking in the properly selected shoes.
The next stage of the disease is associated with the occurrence of the curvature of the foot: patients in a constant position do not trust the outside edge of the foot, but with the whole area.A little change is observed on the ground.
In the third stage, the protrusions of the melting bone are determined (less than ankle on the inside surface of the ankle), as well as a strong distraction of the heel (based on the inner edge of the patient's heel bone).
The advanced valgus deformation of the legs is characterized by the curvature of the legs of the legs and the ankle joint.Patients complain of pain in the muscles of the lower leg, as well as an important gait violation: knees, the right and left foot are located slightly.
Heavy bending of legs often deform the spinal column (different positions of shoulders), Osteocondrosis or Arthrosis) or Artrosis (look at the ankles, playing the ankle).
Can I be diagnosed?
The diagnosis of the curvature of the foot consists of:
- Clinical inspection reveals that the deviation of the arches of orthopedists, foot arches, heels and rams, the deviation of the arched "disappearance".
- X -ray - a suitable and informative method that you can set changes in the linear settings of changes and connections in the bone tendency angles.These indicators need to make the latest diagnosis and clarify the deformation rate.
- Subscriptions are aimed to determine the exact functional state of the extremity.The method is to mark the time of the support of the individual parts of the foot when taking a step.During the study, the foot rolling phases are also studied by the balance of the muscles of the lower extremity.
- Dynamic electromyography that marks the dependence of the studied muscles and the dependence on the step stage.
- Photopantantography with digital processing that allows you to access all standard indicators and determine the type / degree of curvature.
An additional consultation of a neurologist (deformations on the cause of spasms or paralysis), endocrinologist (if the diseases of thyroid / parathyroid gland) and the gynecologist (post-a-time period) may be required.If the curvature of the foot appears in the background of osteoporosis, densitometry is necessary - the study of bone density.
Treatment
Among the main methods of treatment of valgus curvature, conservative and operation is carried out.
Conservative approach
This help is aimed at getting rid of the symptoms of the disease, but does not overcome the root cause of pathology.
The technique includes:
- I Plus the use of orthopedic insoles to eliminate the back of the bone, the corner of the foot, as well as the middle of the leg and the valgus lesions;
- Taping - to correct your leg and ankle using special glue ribbons with proper elasticity.Band tape is worn over the hours for 3-5 days, then they are replaced;
- build orthopedic shoes according to individual standards;
- The use of oroz and other adjustment devices in foot and ankles.
Conservative methods also include physiotherapeutic procedures (ozokerite, paraffin applications, electrophoresez, magnetic effects), massage and physiotherapy training complex designed for a specific clinical work.
Be careful!Today, most specialists prefer treatment methods because conservative therapy is ineffective (according to statistics, 60% of the work is useless).
Surgical intervention
The volume of the transaction and its type depends on the direct stage of the disease.Thus, the first degree of Valgus deformity is treated by the heel (split) to return to the synonymeal (the extraction of tendon crust to correction) or anatomically.
In the second stage of the development of the disease, the transplantation of the tendon bends of the fingers is used.Such an intervention is carried out against the background of the division of the heel or Ram-lobbed arthrodis (the surgical immobilization of the compound between the bones of ram and the scaphid).
The curvature of the III is at a time requires an increase in several plays of the foot: an increase, five cups of cubic and RAM.This kind of triple immobilization is often completed by the divination of the heel bone.
In the 4th phase of pathology, reconstructive operations are not only on foot, but also in ankle.In this case, the non-stability of the ligamentaous apparatus is regulated using the transportation of (from its own body or artificial materials).The volume of transactions in the foot is the same as the degree of curvature of the III.
Recovery period
Rehabilitation includes a walk without supporting the operated foot within 2 months.At the same time, the patient should wear gypsum that can be produced by 1.5 to 3 months.
After the operation, active actions are recommended to start 1.5 months after the operation.In the 3th month, a physical education complex is applied.However, afterwards, the patients are prohibited from rude walking and active sports activities.
It should be noted that it is possible to judge the final result of the surgery in a total of six months.
Preventive measures
Prevention of Stop Valgus Deformation covers the following measures:
- Early correction of congenital anomalies with shortening of bones or tendon grains (vertical bone, short heel tendon) of congenital anomalies;
- Correction of posture disorders (scoliosis, etc.);
- Timely treatment of traumatic lesions (tearing the bones of the legs, lower leg or knee, ligament and tendon hardware);
- Proper rehabilitation (immobilization) after paralysis due to damage to the nervous system for escalitis, polio, stroke, sterebrospinal roots.
- Relief (permanent reduction) of the muscle muscles of the lower leg;
- Therapy for the electoral diseases: Vitamin D (Rickets), Diabetes Mellitus, Osteoporosis (reduction of bone density), thyroid and paratiroid glands, etc.) Pathologies of the bone system;
- Reduction in normal state of body weight (especially with a rapid weight loss due to postmenopause or pregnancy);
- Selection of orthopedic shoes or use of supinators;
- "Hyper-corrected" -Excess treatment that leads to the seconds of the legs to the secondary valgus secretion of the legs of the legs of the clubfoot without "hyper correction".
Prevention of the disease is to use conservative methods and early reconstructive operations.In this case, physical activity is limited to prevent destruction and curvature of the ankle joints.
Remember that the timely treatment of Valgus's deformation only improves the quality of patients, but also prevents the development of osteocondrosis and arthrosis of the knee or hip joint!